Showing posts with label darwin. Show all posts
Showing posts with label darwin. Show all posts

Monday, September 5, 2011

The Balance of Nature?: Ecological Issues in the Conservation of Species and Communities Review

The Balance of Nature: Ecological Issues in the Conservation of Species and Communities
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Well, at least influential for me. Stuart Pimm's "Balance of Nature" is intended for an audience of professional ecologists and (like most academic texts) demands patient, thoughtful reading, but is well worth the effort.
Why influential? Throughout my rather lengthy graduate school "career," I've been struck by the tension between simple academic ecological theory and the stunning complexity of real-world systems. Pimm tackles this condumdrum by focusing on the relationship between species richness and system stability, explaining why the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
If your ecological education has not already made you suspicious of popular (but naive) concepts of "natural" stability and balance, then this book will open your eyes. Recommended.

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Ecologists, although they acknowledge the problems involved, generally conduct their research on too few species, in too small an area, over too short a period of time. In The Balance of Nature?, a work sure to stir controversy, the distinguished theoretical ecologist Stuart L. Pimm argues that ecology therefore fails in many ways to address the enormous ecological problems now facing our planet. Ecologists describing phenomena on larger scales often use terms like "stability," "balance of nature," and "fragility," and Pimm begins by considering the various specific meanings of these terms. He addresses five kinds of ecological stability—stability in the strict sense, resilience, variability, persistence, and resistance—and shows how they provide ways of comparing natural populations and communities as well as theories about them. Each type of stability depends on characteristics of the species studied and also on the structure of the food web in which the species is embedded and the physical features of the environment. The Balance of Nature? provides theoretical ecology with a rich array of questions—questions that also underpin pressing problems in practical conservation biology. Pimm calls for nothing less than new approaches to ecology and a new alliance between theoretical and empirical studies.

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Sunday, August 7, 2011

In Search of the Causes of Evolution: From Field Observations to Mechanisms Review

In Search of the Causes of Evolution: From Field Observations to Mechanisms
Average Reviews:

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I am a graduate student in evolutionary genetics.
This is a great collection of short reviews/perspectives from leaders in evolutionary biology. Chapters give a survey of the current state of subfields: behavior, speciation, biogeography, paleontology, human genetics, evo-devo, and others. Each chapter covers basic concepts which develop into current research agendas. Each chapter is well-written and intended for a wide audience. The authors represent a decent cross-section of leading evolution research in the West.
Who would like this book? Those with some experience with the field. Obviously, participants in research - graduates, professors, etc. - will appreciate the book's depth and breadth. Those with a more abridged background could still enjoy much of this, but the pacing and level of jargon approaches an academic journal style. Thus, many will find this book dry and esoteric.
Those looking for more of an introduction to current evolutionary research try:
Why Evolution is True - Jerry Coyne
Your Inner Fish - Neil Shubin
The Making of the Fittest - Sean B. Carroll

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Evolutionary biology has witnessed breathtaking advances in recent years. Some of its most exciting insights have come from the crossover of disciplines as varied as paleontology, molecular biology, ecology, and genetics. This book brings together many of today's pioneers in evolutionary biology to describe the latest advances and explain why a cross-disciplinary and integrated approach to research questions is so essential.

Contributors discuss the origins of biological diversity, mechanisms of evolutionary change at the molecular and developmental levels, morphology and behavior, and the ecology of adaptive radiations and speciation. They highlight the mutual dependence of organisms and their environments, and reveal the different strategies today's researchers are using in the field and laboratory to explore this interdependence. Peter and Rosemary Grant--renowned for their influential work on Darwin's finches in the Galápagos--provide concise introductions to each section and identify the key questions future research needs to address.

In addition to the editors, the contributors are Myra Awodey, Christopher N. Balakrishnan, Rowan D. H. Barrett, May R. Berenbaum, Paul M. Brakefield, Philip J. Currie, Scott V. Edwards, Douglas J. Emlen, Joshua B. Gross, Hopi E. Hoekstra, Richard Hudson, David Jablonski, David T. Johnston, Mathieu Joron, David Kingsley, Andrew H. Knoll, Mimi A. R. Koehl, June Y. Lee, Jonathan B. Losos, Isabel Santos Magalhaes, Albert B. Phillimore, Trevor Price, Dolph Schluter, Ole Seehausen, Clifford J. Tabin, John N. Thompson, and David B. Wake.


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